When it comes to periodontal procedures, crown lengthening is often surrounded by questions and concerns. This blog provides an in-depth look at this procedure to help you understand what it involves, why it is done and what to expect.
What Is Crown Lengthening?
Crown lengthening is a surgical dental procedure designed to remove gum tissue, and sometimes bone, to expose more of the tooth’s structure. This is done either for functional reasons, such as preparing a tooth for a crown or filling or for cosmetic purposes, like improving a “gummy smile.”
The procedure is often performed by a periodontist (gum specialist), and it can be done on one tooth, several teeth or the entire gum line.
Why Would Someone Need Crown Lengthening?
There are two primary reasons for crown lengthening:
- Restorative Needs: If a tooth has a fracture, decay or damage close to or beneath the gum line, a periodontist may need to expose more of the tooth for proper treatment. Crown lengthening ensures that there is enough tooth structure available to place a crown or filling securely.
- Cosmetic Improvement: For individuals with a “gummy smile,” where too much gum tissue is visible, crown lengthening can reduce the amount of gum tissue covering the teeth. This results in a more balanced and aesthetically pleasing smile by making the teeth appear longer.
Is Crown Lengthening the Same as Gum Recession Treatment?
No. Crown lengthening is not used to treat gum recession. While it removes gum tissue to expose more of the tooth, gum recession involves the loss of gum tissue around the teeth. Treatments like gum grafting are used to address gum recession, as they involve adding tissue to cover exposed roots.
Crown lengthening is often required when there is too much gum tissue, not too little. Both conditions require specialized periodontal treatment, but they serve very different purposes.
What Can I Expect During the Procedure?
Crown lengthening is a straightforward outpatient procedure, typically performed under local anesthesia. Here is what you can expect during this treatment:
- Initial Consultation: Your periodontist will examine your teeth and gums to determine whether crown lengthening is appropriate. Dental X-rays may be taken to better assess the underlying bone structure.
- Procedure: On the day of the surgery, the periodontist will numb the area. Then, they will make small incisions to pull the gums away from the teeth, providing access to the tooth structure and bone. In some cases, bone tissue may also be removed to expose enough of the tooth. Once the necessary amount of tooth is exposed, the gums are cleaned, reshaped and sutured back into place.
- Healing Process: It takes about 7–10 days for the gums to start healing, though complete recovery may take up to three months. You will likely experience some swelling and discomfort initially for a few days, which can be managed with pain relievers and following your periodontist’s aftercare instructions.
Is Crown Lengthening Painful?
Because crown lengthening is performed under local anesthesia, you will not feel pain during the procedure. After the numbness wears off, you may experience some discomfort, but it can be controlled with over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medication.
What Are the Risks?
As with any surgery, crown lengthening comes with potential risks. These may include:
- Infection: Proper attention to oral hygiene and following aftercare instructions help minimize this risk.
- Sensitivity: After crown lengthening, you may notice increased sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures due to the exposed tooth roots.
- Healing Time: As with any gum surgery, full recovery takes time, and it is essential to maintain good oral hygiene throughout the healing process.
How Do I Care for My Teeth After Crown Lengthening?
After the procedure, it is important to follow all post-surgical instructions provided by your periodontist. These may include:
- Avoiding certain foods: Stick to soft foods and avoid anything too hot, cold or spicy while your gums are healing.
- Maintaining oral hygiene: Be gentle around the surgical site, and use any prescribed mouth rinses to reduce the risk of infection.
- Attending follow-up appointments: Regular visits to the periodontist ensure that your gums are healing properly.
A Valuable Tool in Modern Dentistry
Crown lengthening is a beneficial procedure for both restorative and cosmetic purposes. Whether you are preparing for a dental crown or seeking a more attractive smile, this surgical treatment is a valuable tool in modern dentistry. If you think crown lengthening may be right for you, we invite you to consult our periodontist to discuss your options and learn more about the process tailored to your needs.